![]() As populations subdivide through time, variation in the rate of genetic drift and gene flow, as well as selective pressures, will define the genetic diversity, divergence, or extinction of each species (Bowler & Benton, 2005 Frankham, 2005 Hey, 2010 Lenormand, 2002 Ma et al., 2015 Shaffer, 1981 Slatkin, 1987). Among types of species, habitat specialists are particularly prone to increased levels of population structure as a result of isolation on patchy habitats (Kawecki & Ebert, 2004 Kawecki et al., 2012 Nei, 2013 Orr, 2005). In addition, patchy habitats often harbor small populations with low genetic diversity, which may reduce the effectiveness of selection and contribute to high rates of local extinction (Charlesworth, 2010 Hartl & Clark, 2007). ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() #EARTH FINAL CONFLICT SEASON 5 TORRENT SERIES#. ![]()
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